Skills Training of Infectious Diseases in the Community：a Survey Research of Questions

Background As the most basic unit of infectious disease prevention and control，community health service institutions are the frontline and important gateway for the prevention and control of infectious disease. Primary care physicians are responsible for epidemic surveillance，vaccination，health promotion and assistance to centers for disease control in investigating and disposing outbreaks and public health emergencies in their districts，and play an active role in disease prevention and control by groups，susceptible population protection，infectious source control and health education，as well as the effective prevention and control of infectious diseases. Objective To understand the ability of primary care physicians to diagnose and treat infectious diseases in the community，analyse their existing problems and shortcomings，design and conduct a series of intensive training related to infectious diseases for improving the capacity of infectious disease prevention and control at the primary level；To evaluate the effectiveness of online continuing medical education，so as to provide a reference for better continuing medical education on infectious diseases in the community. Methods All participants of the National Community Infectious Diseases Continuing Education Conference held by the Department of Family Medicine of the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital in November 2021 were selected as research subjects from November 2021 to March 2022. The questionnaires were distributed to all registered attendees before and after the conference through the QR code of the questionnaire star，and the content of pre-conference questionnaire included demographic characteristics of the participants，participation in infectious disease training in the community since started working，diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in the community，subjective attitudes towards the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the community（willingness to manage infectious diseases in the community，satisfaction with their own infectious disease management skills），expertise in infectious disease prevention and control and knowledge related to conference content，attitude towards hepatitis B. The content of the post-conference questionnaire mainly included knowledge about the content of conference，attitude towards hepatitis B and satisfaction survey of this online conference. A total of 301 primary care physicians completed the questionnaire before and after the conference，and a total of 194 completed the questionnaire before and after the conference. Results Among all participants，166 （55.1%） had attended infectious disease training in the community，of whom 49（29.5%） were satisfied with their infectious disease diagnosis and treatment ability；135（44.8%） had not attended the training，of whom 22（16.3%） were satisfied with their infectious disease diagnosis and treatment ability. 143（86.1 %） of 166 participants who had attended infectious disease training in the community indicated their willingness to manage community infectious diseases，99（73.3%） of 135 participants who had not attended infectious disease training in the community indicated their willingness to manage community infectious diseases. 66（27.3%） of participants who were satisfied with their infectious disease diagnosis and treatment ability indicated their willingness to manage community infectious diseases. The top three infectious disease tests conducted by the institutions were hepatitis B，AIDS，and hepatitis C；the top three infectious diseases treated in the past six months were hepatitis B，influenza，hand，foot and mouth disease. Different self-evaluation and willingness to train may affect the willingness to manage community infectious diseases（P<0.05）. Among the participants who completed the questionnaire both before and after the conference，the highest correct answer rate for compulsory management of statutory infectious diseases before the conference was 89.7%，the owest accuracy rate for the type of disinfection of the COVID-19 infection was only 17.0%，the correct rates of other questions ranged from 34.0% to 40.7%. The correct rates of the questions after the conference were higher than those before the conference，and the correct rates ranged from 48.9% to 52.6%. The score of attitude towards hepatitis B after the conference was higher than that before the conference （P<0.05）. In terms of feedback after conference，254（98.1%） expressed satisfaction in the total of 259 questionnaires. In terms of suggestions for online conference，179（69.1%） and 174（67.2%） participants believed that online fluency and online interaction need to be improved. Conclusion The primary care physicians receive relatively less infectious diseases training in the community，inadequate infectious diseases training in the community can improve the confidence of self-competence，attitude of active management of infectious diseases and diagnosis and treatment ability in the primary care physicians. The future direction of continuing medical education should focus on the training of emerging infectious diseases and novel medical concepts，relevant experts should be invited to comment on the necessity and effectiveness of training in the community. © 2023 Chinese General Practice. All rights reserved.

Effects of food authenticity, food quality, and service quality on tourist satisfaction under multiple regression model during Covid-19

Local food is a tourism product with a distinct identity for a location. Tourists' emotional attachment to a destination is increased by their attachment to the authenticity and quality of tourism services. The purpose of this study was to look into the impact of food authenticity, meal quality, and service quality on tourist satisfaction. A total of 425 replies were gathered from visitors who visited Bali and sampled the culinary products while visiting various Bali sites. The questionnaire survey was conducted on 2021/2/1-2021/4/20, a period during COVID-19, and further applied the multiple regression model for the survey with strong validity and reliability. The findings revealed that meal and service quality have a considerable impact on tourist satisfaction, whereas food authenticity has a significant effect on tourist satisfaction. Both practically and conceptually, the investigation contributes to providing particular feedback regarding the observed factors. © 2023 Author(s).

Restoration of Humoral Response to Covid-19 Vaccination in Rituximab-Treated Patients

Background: Previous studies had demonstrated that patients with hematologic malignancies had suboptimal antibody response after receiving COVID-19 vaccines, especially among those having previously treated with anti- CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Method(s): Adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were enrolled before receiving the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Determinations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid IgG titers were performed every 1-3 months, after they received the second and the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, respectively. Patients were excluded from analysis if they were diagnosed with COVID-19. All serum samples were tested for anti-nucleocapsid antibody and those tested positive were excluded from subsequent analyses. Result(s): A total of 85 participants were enrolled, including 42 (49.4%) with diffused large B-cell lymphoma, and 13 (15.3) with follicular lymphoma and 9 with CLL. 72 (84.7%) participants had received anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, with a median interval of 24 months between last anti-CD20 treatment and the second dose of vaccine, and 21 (24.7%) had HIV infection. Factors associated with failure to achieve an anti-spike IgG titer >141 BAU/ mL within 12 weeks after the second dose of vaccine included HIV infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.14;95% CI, 0.04-0.51), active hematologic disease (aOR, 5.50;95% CI 1.42-21.32), receipt of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (aOR, 6.65;95% CI 1.52-29.07), and receipt of two doses of homologous mRNA vaccination (aOR, 0.17;95% CI 0.05-0.56). In the participants having previously treated with anti-CD20 regimen, only 8.6% achieved an antibody response ( >141 BAU/mL) in the first year, while 78.3% achieved anti-spike IgG titer > 141 BAU/mL after two years post B-cell depleting treatment. After the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, 53.6% achieved an antispike IgG titer > 141 BAU/mL in the first year post anti-CD20 treatment. Conclusion(s): Our study demonstrated that previous treatment with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies was associated a lower antibody response among patients with lymphoproliferative disorders receiving two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. While two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines might not be sufficient even one year apart from the last dose of rituximab, a third dose of vaccine may boost anti-spike IgG particularly in the subset of recent exposure to rituximab. Anti-spike IgG determined 1-3 months after the second (A) / third (B) dose of COVID-19 vaccine, stratified by the interval between last anti-CD20 regimen and the second / third dose of COVID-19 vaccine. (Figure Presented).

Nanomaterials and Biosensing Technology for the SARS-CoV-2 Detection

The outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has aroused great attention around the world. SARS-CoV-2 possesses characteristics of faster transmission, immune escape, and occult transmission by many mutation, which caused still grim situation of prevention and control. Early detection and isolation of patients are still the most effective measures at present. So, there is an urgent need for new rapid and highly sensitive testing tools to quickly identify infected patients as soon as possible. This review briefly introduces general characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, and provides recentl overview and analysis based on different detection methods for nucleic acids, antibodies, antigens as detection target. Novel nano-biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection are analyzed based on optics, electricity, magnetism, and visualization. In view of the advantages of nanotechnology in improving detection sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, the research progress of new nano-biosensors is introduced in detail, including SERS-based biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, magnetic nano-biosensors and colorimetric biosensors. Functions and challenges of nano-materials in construction of new nano-biosensors are discussed, which provides ideas for the development of various coronavirus biosensing technologies for nanomaterial researchers.

Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis with Semi-Supervised Approach on Taiwan Social Distancing App User Reviews

Sentiment analysis has a critical role to reveal an opinion in a text-based form. Therefore, we exploit this analysis to discover the sentiment polarity of Taiwan Social Distancing mobile application. This paper proposes a semi-supervised scheme for annotating this mobile application's reviews. The semi-supervised scheme utilized a combination of numeric rating and lexicon-based sentiment. In addition, we also perform the sentiment analysis on an aspect-based level. Based on the experiment, we decide to select three aspects to be analyzed. This paper also evaluates the proposed scheme by implementing bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) as the classification model using the sentiment label of the proposed scheme. The result shows that the annotation of the proposed scheme outperforms the data annotation using counterpart models. © 2023 IEEE.

Research on the Service Quality Index and Alternatives Evaluation and Ranking for Online Yue Kiln Celadon Art Education in Post COVID-19 Era

Online education has been still a common way for teaching and learning in the post epidemic era. However, the related research on service quality for the online Yue kiln celadon art education industry is still a vital research gap during this period. Thus, a hybrid method of FANP and GRA is proposed in this study to analyse and evaluate the key factors for providing and maintaining high service quality of online Yue kiln celadon art education industry in the post coronavirus era. In this research, whether in the model of FANP and GRA, factors such as safety mechanism of transaction and education, personnel quality, and the ability of customer need handling are essential conditions for providing excellent service quality in the post-COVID-19 era. The main contribution of this study is to propose an integrated method of FANP and GRA to calculate and rank potential solutions of online Yue kiln celadon art education service quality in the post-COVID-19 era under fuzzy environment and discrete conditions. Finally, the research findings of this study have a guiding role, thereby becoming a guide for the industries related to online Yue kiln celadon art education to maintain good service quality in similar scenarios in the future. © 2023 by the authors.

Policy measures, information technology, and people's collective behavior in Taiwan's COVID-19 response

COVID-19 has rampaged globally with devastating consequences on human lives and livelihoods. Taiwan, a democratic island-country with 23.5 million population, was predicted to have the second highest risk of imported cases at the outset and instead registered among the lowest COVID-19 prevalence and mortality rates during year one. This chapter describes Taiwan's emergency response policies, including the Communicable Disease Control Act (CDCA), pandemic measures in different segments of the population, the role of national health insurance and accessible healthcare, innovative integrations of information technology, and amendments to laws and regulations adapted to the evolving situation. Taiwan's CDCA was introduced in 1944. In addition to posting travel advisories, the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (CDC) enhanced border control, as required by the CDCA. Taiwan CDC officers stationed at airports implemented health screening of passengers and provided healthcare advice. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Ranking of Service Quality Solution for Blended Design Teaching Using Fuzzy ANP and TOPSIS in the Post-COVID-19 Era

The blended educational method has become a common way of teaching and learning in the post-COVID-19 era. However, the related research on the selection model for the blended design teaching service quality solution is still an important research gap during this period. Therefore, this study proposed a hybrid method of fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to analyse the dimensions, indicators and alternatives of blended design teaching service quality. As for the findings of this research, the dimension of assurance is the most vital factor, followed by responsiveness, reliability and empathy. Meanwhile, this research discovered that the top three significant alternatives are "Employees are trustworthy”, "Safe transaction mechanism and environment” and "Personalised needs of customers”. Also, we found that dimensions utilised to evaluate the quality of education service are similar whether in the post COVID-19 era, in the COVID-19 epidemic or prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. The main contribution of this study is to establish a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model for the ranking of the blended design teaching service quality index and solution under a fuzzy environment. Finally, the research findings of this study have a guiding role, thereby becoming a guide for the industries related to hybrid design education to maintain good service quality in similar scenarios in the future. © 2023 by the authors.

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic

Thousands of millions of people faced devastating impacts around the world during COVID-19 pandemic. Not only anxiety or fear of COVID-19 dominated the negative psychological impacts, mental disorders such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and sleep disturbance increasingly appeared during or after the pandemic. Apart from the confirmed patients, survivors of the viral infection, close family members, elders, children and adolescents, people quarantined, people with preexisting psychiatric conditions, frontline police, emergency medical services, and health-care workers, mental distress specific to the vulnerable groups should be recognized. Preventive strategies including self-regulations, leadership, and teamwork were highlighted. Specific evaluations for at-risk population and efficacious treatment such as cognitive behavioral treatment could be considered. This article delineated directions for mental health workers during pandemic.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Low Covid-19 Related Mortality Among Lung Transplant Recipients at a Single Center

The omicron variant era led to a dramatic increase in COVID-19 infection in lung transplant recipients (LTR). We previously described our experience with COVID-19 in LTR during the wild type and delta variant eras. Here we provide an update on short and intermediate term outcomes of COVID-19 infections in LTR. This is a single-center retrospective study of all LTR at the University of California San Diego with COVID-19 infections between June 2020 and September 2022. Patient demographic data, immunosuppression regimen, and hospital course were recorded. Subsequent spirometry, imaging, biopsy results and interventions were also obtained (Table 1). 72 LTR with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection were included. 45 (62.5%) were male, 39 (54.2%) were Caucasian, and 56 (77.8%) had double-LT. 56 (73.6%) had symptomatic infections, 27 (37.5%) required hospitalization, including 7 (9.7%) requiring ICU admission and 1 (1.4%) requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The median drop in FEV1 and FVC at 3 months was 2.4% and 2.5%, respectively. Post-infection ACR and death were seen in 3 (4.2%) patients. Of the 3 deaths, 2 were due to COVID-19 infection in LTRs with stage 3 chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). The remaining death was related to failure to thrive and occurred months after COVID infection. The omicron era of COVID-19 led to a nearly 5-fold increase in COVID-19 infections among LTR. Despite the higher prevalence of COVID-19 infection, the mortality in our cohort remained low compared to other published reports of COVID-19 infection in LTR. Compared to our prior analysis which included only wild type and delta variant eras, the rates of mortality and ACR both decreased from 11.8% to 4.2%. This improvement in post COVID-19 outcomes may be attributable to monoclonal antibody therapy, increased vaccination, pre exposure prophylaxis and changes in viral virulence. Larger studies are needed to assess the impact of the various COVID-19 variants on LTRs. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Heart & Lung Transplantation is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

The Effectiveness of Information Technology and Teaching Strategies in Distance Learning to Improve the Learning Effect of K-12 Students

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, many countries began to try to use online platforms and digital tools for distance learning. This study focuses on the effectiveness of information technology and teaching strategies in distance learning to improve the learning effect of K-12 students. By using the meta-analysis method and screening criteria of empirical research, it focuses on methodological and substantive research, and examines the relationship between information technology and learning effect, and the relationship between teaching strategies and learning effect in distance learning. The final analysis included 85 qualified studies with a total sample size of 79,928 K-12 students: 35 primary school studies (n = 35,155) and 50 secondary school studies (n = 44,773). The results show that compared with offline learning, the application of information technology in distance learning usually has a positive impact (ES=+2.26). However, the impact may vary depending on the type of information technology. From the perspective of teaching strategies, case-based teaching strategies can improve students' learning effect. Therefore, when applying information technology and teaching strategies to students' distance learning effect, we should strengthen the design of process objectives, pay attention to the role of sharing and co-construction technologies in distance learning, and adopt case-based teaching strategies to stimulate students' high-level cognitive activities and cognitive achievements, so as to promote distance learning. © 2022 Association for Computing Machinery.

Covid-19 crisis and corporate cash dividend policies: evidence from Chinese listed companies

Drawn on signalling theory, this paper investigates the impact of uncertainty caused by COVID-19 on corporate dividend policy. Using data from Chinese listed companies, the empirical results document a negative relationship between the COVID-19 crisis and corporate cash dividend payments. Moreover, the negative association between COVID-19 and cash dividend is more pronounced in large-scale firms and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). These findings imply that, compared with large-scale firms and SOEs, the competitive position of small enterprises and non-SOEs are more fragile and thus more dependent on cash dividends to release positive signals to outsiders, so as to deal with the uncertainty caused by COVID-19. In further analysis, this study also finds that those industries related to transportation and entertainment have a negative effect during the epidemic, and they are more likely to cut dividends to assure additional cash and flexibility. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Image Recognition Based on Deep Learning with Thermal Camera Sensing

As the COVID-19 epidemic spread across the globe, people around the world were advised or mandated to wear masks in public places to prevent its spreading further. In some cases, not wearing a mask could result in a fine. To monitor mask wearing, and to prevent the spread of future epidemics, this study proposes an image recognition system consisting of a camera, an infrared thermal array sensor, and a convolutional neural network trained in mask recognition. The infrared sensor monitors body temperature and displays the results in real-time on a liquid crystal display screen. The proposed system reduces the inefficiency of traditional object detection by providing training data according to the specific needs of the user and by applying You Only Look Once Version 4 (YOLOv4) object detection technology, which experiments show has more efficient training parameters and a higher level of accuracy in object recognition. All datasets are uploaded to the cloud for storage using Google Colaboratory, saving human resources and achieving a high level of efficiency at a low cost. © 2023 CRL Publishing. All rights reserved.

Nanomaterials and Biosensing Technology for the SARS-CoV-2 Detection

The outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has aroused great attention around the world. SARS-CoV-2 possesses characteristics of faster transmission, immune escape, and occult transmission by many mutation, which caused still grim situation of prevention and control. Early detection and isolation of patients are still the most effective measures at present. So, there is an urgent need for new rapid and highly sensitive testing tools to quickly identify infected patients as soon as possible. This review briefly introduces general characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, and provides recentl overview and analysis based on different detection methods for nucleic acids, antibodies, antigens as detection target. Novel nano-biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection are analyzed based on optics, electricity, magnetism, and visualization. In view of the advantages of nanotechnology in improving detection sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, the research progress of new nano-biosensors is introduced in detail, including SERS-based biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, magnetic nano-biosensors and colorimetric biosensors. Functions and challenges of nano-materials in construction of new nano-biosensors are discussed, which provides ideas for the development of various coronavirus biosensing technologies for nanomaterial researchers.

Instant Message App-Based COVID-19 Outbreak Reminder Service Via Climate-Based Prediction

Now that the COVID-19 pandemic is serious, in order to maintain the quality of life and safety, it is very important to remind people of the outbreak. Because when the SARS pandemic occurred in the past, it was found that the pandemic situation had a certain relationship with the weather. Therefore, we tried to analyze the relationship between the pandemic situation and the weather by analyzing big data information, and we also tried to conclude the possible pandemic situation and climate-related prediction rules through big data. We hope to use the most popular instant messaging software - LINE in Taiwan to assist in the auxiliary reminders of the pandemic. When people use the weather pandemic robot, they can also find the correlation between the weather and the pandemic, and it also helps to remind the public to pay more attention to their own health. © 2022 IEEE.

Analyzing Spatial-Temporal Impacts of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Variables on COVID-19 Outbreaks as Potential Social Determinants of Health

The COVID-19 pandemic is not only a medical disease outbreak but also a social inequality and health disparity problem. This study analyzed dynamic temporal and spatial associations between confirmed COVID-19 cases and socioeconomic status (SES) variables at the neighborhood level with three case studies to (1) analyze five temporal stages in the County of San Diego, California;(2) compare six U.S. metropolitan areas;and (3) compare SES associations across two spatial scales (counties and zip code units). We identified eleven SES variables as potential contributors to the social determinants of health that influence COVID-19 outbreaks and showed how their correlation coefficients vary over five phases. We found that changes in COVID-19 hot spots and clusters are minimal across the five stages. The consistent spatial patterns through the five outbreak periods imply that the place effects associated with fundamental health disparity factors are persistent and not easily changed. The impact of COVID-19 on SES varies in different local contexts. We also found that Hispanic populations, uninsured groups, Spanish-speaking families, those with less than a ninth-grade education level, and high household densities strongly correlated with COVID-19 cases in all six metropolitan areas. We did not find high scale dependency in SES association patterns between county and zip code spatial units, but analysis at a finer level can provide more association patterns. © 2023 by American Association of Geographers.